import Foundation
import CoreGraphics

/// Renders a CGImage to an RGBA8 buffer once, then answers cheap colour queries
/// over pixel regions. Used to score the active-speaker highlight (a saturated
/// coloured border/ring) around participant tiles.
struct FrameSampler {
    let width: Int
    let height: Int
    private let pixels: [UInt8]      // RGBA8, row-major, top-left origin

    init?(cgImage: CGImage) {
        let w = cgImage.width, h = cgImage.height
        guard w > 0, h > 0 else { return nil }
        var buffer = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: w * h * 4)
        let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
        let info = CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedLast.rawValue
        guard let ctx = buffer.withUnsafeMutableBytes({ raw -> CGContext? in
            CGContext(data: raw.baseAddress, width: w, height: h, bitsPerComponent: 8,
                      bytesPerRow: w * 4, space: colorSpace, bitmapInfo: info)
        }) else { return nil }
        ctx.draw(cgImage, in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: w, height: h))
        self.width = w
        self.height = h
        self.pixels = buffer
    }

    /// Mean HSV saturation (0…1) over a pixel rect (top-left origin), sampled on a grid.
    func meanSaturation(inPixelRect rect: CGRect, samples: Int = 24) -> Double {
        let x0 = max(0, Int(rect.minX)), x1 = min(width, Int(rect.maxX))
        let y0 = max(0, Int(rect.minY)), y1 = min(height, Int(rect.maxY))
        guard x1 > x0, y1 > y0 else { return 0 }
        let stepX = max(1, (x1 - x0) / samples)
        let stepY = max(1, (y1 - y0) / samples)
        var sum = 0.0, count = 0
        var y = y0
        while y < y1 {
            var x = x0
            while x < x1 {
                let i = (y * width + x) * 4
                let r = Double(pixels[i]), g = Double(pixels[i + 1]), b = Double(pixels[i + 2])
                let mx = max(r, g, b), mn = min(r, g, b)
                sum += mx > 0 ? (mx - mn) / mx : 0
                count += 1
                x += stepX
            }
            y += stepY
        }
        return count > 0 ? sum / Double(count) : 0
    }

    /// Mean saturation of a ring just inside `rect`'s edges (the tile border),
    /// excluding the interior — that's where the speaking highlight lives.
    func borderSaturation(inPixelRect rect: CGRect, thicknessFraction: Double = 0.12) -> Double {
        let t = max(2.0, min(rect.width, rect.height) * thicknessFraction)
        let top = CGRect(x: rect.minX, y: rect.minY, width: rect.width, height: t)
        let bottom = CGRect(x: rect.minX, y: rect.maxY - t, width: rect.width, height: t)
        let left = CGRect(x: rect.minX, y: rect.minY, width: t, height: rect.height)
        let right = CGRect(x: rect.maxX - t, y: rect.minY, width: t, height: rect.height)
        return [top, bottom, left, right].map { meanSaturation(inPixelRect: $0) }.max() ?? 0
    }

    /// Grid-sampled pixel positions (top-left origin) that are strongly saturated
    /// AND bright enough to be a UI highlight — i.e. the speaking ring/border.
    func saturatedPoints(threshold: Double = 0.5, minBrightness: Double = 60, gridStep: Int = 6) -> [CGPoint] {
        var points: [CGPoint] = []
        var y = 0
        while y < height {
            var x = 0
            while x < width {
                let i = (y * width + x) * 4
                let r = Double(pixels[i]), g = Double(pixels[i + 1]), b = Double(pixels[i + 2])
                let mx = max(r, g, b), mn = min(r, g, b)
                let sat = mx > 0 ? (mx - mn) / mx : 0
                if sat > threshold && mx > minBrightness { points.append(CGPoint(x: x, y: y)) }
                x += gridStep
            }
            y += gridStep
        }
        return points
    }
}